Comparison Of Renaissance And Mannerism Cultural Studies Essay

Comparison Of Renaissance And Mannerism Cultural Studies Essay I chose to work on the comparison between Renaissance and Mannerism. Renaissance and Mannerism differ to certain extremes, buy still I found that even today there are particular methods of these art movements that are recognized and applied. Here I shall discuss the pros and cons of both art movements, the impact of the movements and my views on this. POSITIVE POINTS OF RENAISSANCE: In this movement the art form characteristics held an expression of liveliness. Like in wood, clay, stone, independent of reality. For example Leonardo Da Vincis drawing called Renaissance Man. It is also known as Vitruvian man. This drawing is known to be the proportions of man or canon of proportions. His piece of art showed how science and art was brought together to calculate proportions. Leonardo envisaged the great picture chart of the human body he had produced through his anatomical drawings and Vitruvian Man as a cosmografia del minor mondo (cosmography of the microcosm). He believed the workings of the human body to be an analogy for the workings of the universe. Encyclopaedia Britannica online The drawing is based on male proportions that are correlations of ideal human proportions with geometry described. During this period there was the return of ancient Greek and Roman antique. One such example was seen in Brunelleschis architectural work. He had constructed the Florentine Cathedral. This particular work originated from the Roman Empire. The foundation of his design was of the dome of the Pantheon. He constructed an elliptical dome. Artists became familiar with ancient art and brought that in their paintings. All their art form like sculptures and paintings were proportional. These art forms have particular measurements and are always calculated before painted or made. This is an important feature of this period that takes effect even today. Like Michaelangelos sculpture called David. Perspective is another important term that was brought up during this movement. The great Renaissance artist Brunelleschi had brought up this term. Brunelleschi constructed a church called the Florence Cathedral. This initiated perspective as it is seen in the architectural composition of its planning. This later inspired Leonardo Da Vinci in his painting called Last Supper. In this painting we can see that the elements are arranged according to one point perspective. Andrea Mantegna paintings demonstrated a certain sympathy for low castes like in his painting called Triumph of Caesar where he head illustrated prisoners of lower classes. NEGATIVE POINTS OF RENAISSANCE: Proportions are not that appealing, since in reality every human doesnt pertain such exact proportions. The Mannerists were against this feature. Some paintings evoke devotion like the Venetian paintings. POSITIVE POINTS OF MANNERISM: The Mannerists represented a particular style or manner in their paintings. Like elongated hands, small head, etc. This can be seen in Jacopo Pontormos Painting called The Deposition from the Cross. In this painting the bodies of the women and the man are elongated. Their hands and feet also seem to be slightly longer than a proportionate body. The head is comparatively small than the body. This painting clearly depicts the anticlassical art form. Early Mannerism consisted of more natural paintings. Such paintings were known as anticlassical paintings i.e. against Renaissance art. For example Ross Florentinos painting known as Moses defending the daughters of Jethro depicts the anticlassical art. Even in this painting the construction of the body structure can be clearly seen. The long legs and a small head, etc is seen. Similarly many other painting in this period portrays anticlassical art in a variety of ways. Paintings were usually oil painted or frescoes like the painting done by Jacopo Pontormo known as Annunciation. The Angel Gabriel and Virgin Mary are placed against white walls the environment seems stark. The contrast between the figures and ground makes their garments glow in the light of the window between them. It seems as if the couple came in from the extension of the chapel wall. DISADVANTAGES OF MANNERISM: Higher Manneria was the next stage of the Mannerists that concentrated mostly on an artists virtuosity. The paintings were mostly related to the artists point of view rather than reality. Manneria paintings later progressed to be far away from their goal than reality. This was against Manneria art. IMPACT OF THE MOVEMENTS: The Renaissance movement was highly influential even during its time. It spread through various places like Italy, Germany, Netherland, France, England, Spain and rest of Northern Europe. Many Italian artists, etc contributed towards the Renaissance period in their own particular ways. Even today Renaissance exists as it has contributed towards the development of perspective and proportions. Architects or any other fields acquire these basics to bring a perfect or ideal output. Like one point, two point and three point perspective. Its not just perspective but even proportions have initiated of a man, woman, objects and relating proportions in a scenery such that they look uniform rather than abrupt. Mannerism movement also has achieved to look at thing normally rather than calculating things out. Its not scientific based and is purely based on perception of the artist of reality. Observation is an important term for mannerists. This movement related to Renaissance is not that contributive towards the present but still it has its own plus points. MY VIEWS: Relating all factors with respect to Renaissance and Mannerism, I found a couple of facts that I like in Renaissance as well as Mannerism. I cant really judge which one is better but I must say that Renaissance has been highly influential rather than the other movement. Many top notch artists are remembered even today for their tremendous contribution like Brunelleschi, Leonardo Da Vinci, Raphael, Titian and Michaelangelo. Some artists concentrated mostly on sculptures like Michaelangelo. His sculpture called David is known even today. Leonardo concentrated on painting where he even acquired perspective in his paintings like Last Supper. I feel that Renaissance concentrated on measuring each and every thing rather than relying on your own instincts. This difference I found in Mannerism. Proportions are important but I felt that there must be some personal output too based on our personal instinct. CONCLUSION: After researching on Renaissance and Mannerism as well as the artists and their works I was able to relate and understand how the view changes as in different periods. Like cubism fauvism, impressionism post impressionism and so on. Many movements have their particular principles and differences. From concentrating on emotions developed from color, subconscious and so on. The art movements didnt just focus in one point throughout the movement. They changes can be seen in Renaissance like high renaissance and Mannerism as early mannerism, etc. All in all it is important to know and compare the past views of tremendous art movements. Mainly how the thought process changes from one point of view to another. The development of an artistic mind is observed not only with help of paintings but even sculptures, relief sculptures, collages, etc are developments from a variety of movements. These movements are even applied in furnitures, posters, etc.

Othello Critical

Travis Gordon ELA 30-1 October 3rd, 2012 Jealousy, the universal feeling we’ve all experienced at one time or another. Whether it be the newest piece of technology that someone has that you don’t and wish you did, or that kid on the playground that had those new light up shoes that were all the rage. Jealousy is not something that can be avoided, only controlled. It sneaks up on you, like a tree root sneaks up on concrete before it breaks to the surface.In William Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello, jealousy is a key component used by many characters as a weapon that is twisted and manipulated to serve their own ends. Iago, a deceitful and manipulative snake or the ironic pseudonym â€Å"Honest Iago† uses jealousy as a way of getting what he wants without realizing nor caring about the backlash of repercussions his actions have on the people around him. ‘O, beware, my lord, of jealousy! It is the green-eyed monster, which doth mock The meat it feeds on.Th at cuckold lives in bliss Who, certain of his fate, loves not his wronger; But O, what damned minutes tells he o'er Who dotes, yet doubts–suspects, yet strongly loves! â€Å"(III,iii,) He refers to jealousy as a â€Å"green-eyed monster†, because it is a scary thing to behold when it gets out of hand. Once it is unleashed, it is not easily contained. Once he contaminates Othello’s mind with the thoughts of Desdemona being unfaithful to him, and sneaking around behind his back with his lieutenant Cassio, it spreads like a wildfire inside Othello’s head.He begins to doubt himself. Although he knows in his heart Desdemona to be true to him, he can’t help but think about the false accusations Iago has impregnated his mind with. Another character Iago manages to control with the raw power of jealousy is Roderigo. Iago manages to convince Roderigo that if he puts â€Å"money in thy purse†, Iago will make it so Roderigo can be together with Desdem ona. This is a clear example of how easy it is to control a person once you give them a false hope of something that could never be. What should I do? I confess it is my shame to be so fond; but it is not in my virtue to amend it. † (I,iii,317-318) Roderigo admits to Iago that he is overcome with jealousy for Desdemona, but it isn’t within his character to change the way he feels towards her. Iago sees an opportunity to make a profit from Roderigo’s misfortunes and sets him on a mad quest to be with the woman he loves. The idea’s Iago plants into Roderigo, once they are rooted deep inside him, start to teem like weeds in an unkempt garden.It is a dream that in the end costs Rodrigo more than just his wealth. He pays the iron price, with his life. Jealousy, when set upon a person who has already harboured inside them, it spreads. Once it spreads, it is no easy task to eliminate or control. We see this in Othello, as it costs many of the characters their liv es, because of a feeling false hope and manipulation, in the hope that what they wanted would be theirs.

The performance management plan paper

Southfield is now in the process of hiring and gaining his 25 employees so now is the time for a performance management plan. Landslide Limousine Service should use this to cover four key components in the company. The plan should give chauffeurs constructive feedback, the driver's ability levels, the process which the drivers ability is measured, and a plan implemented to improve trouble areas for this type of performance. The company will use the plan to keep the business above everyone else in this industry.Southfield doesn't Just want â€Å"perfect† customer service he wants this excellence to be repeated on a day-to-day basis to make sure business or clients return. In this industry the chauffeurs are the most important part of the business so their contributions have to be the best for the company to thrive. Landslide is Just starting out and they need to hire the best employees to make sure that they gain interest by the public eye, this means customer and employees. Th ey can't win on the money front Just starting out but they can hold the employees and customers to a high standard.Bradley and his management team will have to provide training to some of the new drivers and when it comes to the experience ones, they will Just have to learn the Landslide's way of doing things. When it comes to all staff members they will be Judged by the service they give. Surveys will be issued to each customer to let management know where each employee stands. The staff that takes calls, and the driver's survey will differentiate exponentially but they will be grade by them the same. Any one employee performance that drops under a average of 5 for the month will be dealt with accordingly.The scale will go from one (being bad) and 10 (being great) service. The totals will be added and averages at the end of every month to make sure that each employee performs their Job in a satisfactory fashion. Other checks will go into this grade at the end of the month like dres s code, facial appearance, vehicle's condition. Clothing must be ironed, shoes clean (shined optional for drivers), faces must be cleanly shaved no big piercing (small earrings, nose rings, etc are k), finally the vehicle conditions must be in shape o pass the checklist provided.Anyone not following these guiltiness are on a three strike basis meaning warning, write-up, and fired. The performance plan will stay in line with the vision of the company providing the best customer service in the industry. The company will be in the negative to start out but should be on the comeback by year two. The turnover rate will be high at first but with these high standards set in place the customer will be happy which will generate more money into the company thus paying more to the drivers.Once this catches on the chauffeurs will recognize their worth and want to stay with a company that keeps them up to a high standard because the respect the craft and the results that it brings. If the plan i s followed correctly Landslide Limousine Service will have well trained high standard drivers. This type of setting will only help the business gain traction and help when providing guidance for new employees in the future. The staff needs clear direction when it comes to what is expected of them on a daily, weekly, monthly, and annually basis.As employee one does a better Job when they realize why the need to do a better Job and what the benefits are. For this the managers should come up with a checklist for staff to keep them on track on a everyday basis. Every day, before and after each Job is done, will have to check a few things to make sure that they are stay up to the Landslide standards. Uniforms will have to be ironed on a daily basis along with clean shoes. The chauffeurs will have the option to shine shoes because they are being seen by the customers so they deed to look the best of the best.When they come in in the morning they need to check the vehicle, inside and out. Drivers need to make sure that they check from tires to windows and make sure that they give the client the email address so they can leave the survey. The survey will as specific question on how the driver performed and how the vehicle up keep was to determine grades for the service provided. With the company Just getting off the ground they will have to do a lot to make their mark in the industry.With a good basis of standards and policies put in lace the company will do Just fine in the beginning stages and only get better from there. Putting in place a good performance management plan will help with this because it gives the company a good starting point for what expected each and every one of the employees entering in the company and lets them know, with clear direction, what they can do to fulfill their task on a day-to-day basis. Reference ASCII, W. F. (2013). Managing Human Resources: Productivity, Quality of Work Life, Profits (9th De. ) Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill/Larkin.

The Rise in the Divorce Rate Essay - 1330 Words

The topic that I have chosen to do my research on is the rise in the divorce rate. The reason I have chosen this topic is because I myself have recently been through a divorce. I think everyone by now has heard that fifty-percent of marriages now a days end in divorce. So after going through a divorce myself I would like to know why that is.† Today 59% of the population is married down from 62% in 1990 and 72% in 1970. One of the first things I looked at was the average length of a marriage. I found that that average length of first marriages that end in divorce for males is 7.8 years and 7.9 for females. I found that interesting since my marriage lasted a little over seven years. A few other interesting statistics that I found where that†¦show more content†¦(Nakonezny, 1995) â€Å"The next thing I looked at where some of the myths surrounding divorce. I found a good article by David Popenoe about the top 10 divorce myths. Myth number 1. Because people learn from their bad experiences, second marriages tend to be more successful than first marriages. The fact is that although many people who divorce have successful subsequent marriages, the divorce rate of remarriages is in fact higher than that of first marriages. Myth number 2. Living together before marriage is a good way to reduce the chances of eventually divorcing. The facts on that myth are many studies have found that those who live together before marriage have a considerably higher chance of eventually divorcing. The reasons for this are not well understood. In part, the type of people who are willing to cohabit May also be those who are more willing to divorce. There is some evidence that the act of cohabitation itself generates attitudes in people that are more conducive to divorce, for examp le the attitude that relationships are temporary and easily can be ended. Myth number 3. : Divorce may cause problems for many of the children, who are affected by it, but by and large these problems are not long lasting and the children recover relatively quickly. The facts: Divorce increases the risk of interpersonal problems in children. There is evidence, both from smallShow MoreRelatedCohabitation and Its Effect on Rise in Divorce Rate1117 Words   |  5 PagesEffect of Cohabitation on the Rising Divorce Rate The rise of the divorce rate seems to be due to the lack of commitment or understanding of love and longevity in a marriage. Cohabitation can be defined as an arrangement whereby two people decide to live together on a long term or permanent basis in an emotionally and /or sexually intimate relationship (Brannon 2008). 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